中国长期护理保险筹资现状、局限与优化路径 基于27份试点政策文本的实证分析

Abstract: Financing is the first priority and core issue in the construction of long-term care insurance (LTCI) system. Based on the policy texts, the paper has constructed a LTCI financing policy PMC index model composed of 10 primary variables and 31 secondary variables with the financing mechanism as the core, to quantitatively evaluate the financing policies of 27 pilot cities in China. The results show that in the second pilot phase, the perfect and excellent policies accounted for 77.78% of all policies and the quality of LTCI pilot has been significantly improved. The analysis of the PMC surface reveals that the pilot policies are clear in nature, complete in function and high in transparency, but there are still problems such as short time limit, low level, imperfect financing mechanism and insufficient regulation of financing guarantee. Therefore, the paper proposes two optimization paths. The government should design the LTCI financing mechanism with the goal of relieving current difficulties and stabilizing expectations. In addition, it should take into account the criteria of fairness, equality and appropriateness, attach importance to the coordination among various departments, and strengthen support from the aspects of capital investment, laws and regulations.